Environmental impacts of irrigation development: A Review
Keywords:
Evaporation, InstallationAbstract
Environmental impacts of irrigation are the changes in quantity and quality of soil and water as a result of irrigation and the ensuing effects on natural and social conditions at the tail-end and downstream of the irrigation scheme. The impacts stem from the changed hydrological conditions owing to the installation and operation of the scheme. Because irrigation systems deal with redirecting water from rivers, lakes, and underground sources, they have a direct impact on the surrounding environment. Some of these impacts include: increased groundwater level in irrigated areas, decreased water flow downstream of sourced rivers and streams, and increased evaporation in irrigated areas. Increased evaporation in irrigated areas can cause instability in the atmosphere, as well as increase levels of rainfall downwind of the irrigation. These changes to the climate are a direct result of changes to natural moisture levels in the surrounding atmosphere.
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