Understanding the Psychological Factors Influencing Procrastination Behaviour

Abstract

Procrastination, the act of putting off activities while understanding the repercussions, is common in many areas of life. This research investigates psychological causes of procrastination. This study identifies important procrastination causes and psychological processes by reviewing the literature. Procrastination has several causes. Task aversion is one factor. Tasks that are tough, dull, or unenjoyable are postponed. Distractions like non-productive hobbies or temptations may worsen procrastination. Self-regulation is also vital. Lower self-regulation may make it harder to start or stick with activities, resulting to procrastination. Perfectionists may avoid and procrastinate because they fear failure and rejection. Procrastination also involves emotions. Anxiety, fear, and dissatisfaction may cause people to avoid situations. As pleasant hobbies bring instant pleasure, people may postpone to improve their mood. Self-efficacy matters. Low self-efficacy may cause postponement to avoid failure or criticism. People who feel out of control may also procrastinate. Interventions and efforts to minimise procrastination should include psychological issues. Targeted therapies may improve self-regulation, maladaptive perfectionism, negative emotions, and self-efficacy.